Hindware is a leading brand in the Indian sanitaryware market, offering a wide range of products for residential and commercial use. The Italian Collection is one of their most popular offerings, featuring a stylish and modern design that complements any bathroom decor. This collection includes water closets, urinals, cisterns, and fittings, all of which are made with high-quality materials for maximum durability and functionality. One of the standout features of the Hindware Italian Collection is its focus on accessibility. The differently-abled series includes seat covers and fittings that are designed to make using the bathroom easier for people with physical disabilities. These products are thoughtfully crafted with features like wider seats and adjustable heights to ensure maximum comfort and safety for all users. Another aspect that sets the Hindware Italian Collection apart is its attention to detail in terms of functionality.
Grafdoer is a reputable brand that specializes in providing high-quality faucets, bathroom accessories, showers, kitchen faucets, kitchen sinks, and sanitary ware. The brand has been serving its customers for years, and it has established itself as a reliable provider of plumbing products. The products offered by Grafdoer are designed to meet the needs of modern homes and commercial spaces, and they come in a variety of designs and finishes to complement any décor. One of the key features of Grafdoer products is their durability. The brand uses high-quality materials and advanced manufacturing techniques to ensure that its products last for a long time. This is especially important for plumbing fixtures, which are subjected to constant use and wear and tear. Grafdoer products are also easy to install, and they come with detailed instructions to make the installation process as smooth as possible. Grafdoer offers a wide range of products to suit different needs and preferences.
TYPES OF PIPE FITTINGS
Elbows: These pipe fittings are used to alter the flow’s direction. According to their high demand in plumbing, they are primarily available in two conventional types: 90 and 45 degree angles. The 45 degree elbow is mostly used in water supply facilities, electronic and chemical industrial pipeline networks, food, air-conditioning pipelines, garden production, agriculture, and solar-energy facilities, whereas the 90 degree elbow is primarily used to connect hoses to water pumps, valves, and deck drains.Offered in: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chrome-plated brass, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), stainless steel, malleable (galvanised and black), and copper. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS plastic).
Couplings: To stop leaks, couplings are a type of pipe fitting. couplings in damaged or broken pipes. The pipes that need to be joined ought to have the same diameter. Regular coupling and slip coupling are the two types of couplings used in plumbing. Regular couplings are positioned between the two pipes to stop additional leaks with the aid of gaskets or rubber seals on both sides. Two pipes are built into the slip coupling itself to replace the broken long pipes.
Union: This kind of pipe fitting performs nearly the same tasks as a coupling, with the exception that a union can be removed at any moment while a coupling cannot. To prevent any form of galvanic corrosion between the pipes, a variety of dielectric unions are utilised to link pipes made of various materials. These pipe fittings consist of a nut and threads with female and male ends. Brass, copper, chrome-plated brass, malleable (galvanised and black), PVC, CPVC, and stainless steel are among the materials that are offered.
Adapters: Adapters are linked to pipes to either lengthen them or in the event that the ends of the pipes are inappropriate. According to the requirements, these pipe fittings convert the pipe’s ends to either male or female threads. This enables the connection of pipes that are dissimilar without the need for elaborate setup. PVC and copper pipes are the most common uses for them. ABS, CPVC, copper, malleable (galvanised and black), PVC, brass, and stainless steel are among the materials that are offered.
Nipple: This is a short butt of pipe that serves as a connectionNipple between two other fittings with male threads. A form of pipe fitting with continuous threading is called a close nipple. They are primarily utilised in plumbing and hoses. Brass, chrome-plated brass, malleable (galvanised and black), PVC, copper, and stainless steel are among the materials that are offered.
Reducer: Reducing the flow size of the pipe from a larger to a smaller one is accomplished using the reducer pipe setting. Reducers come in two varieties: eccentric reducers and concentric reducers. Reducer The former, which has a cone-like shape, is used to gradually reduce the pipe’s size. The latter one reduces the likelihood of air collection by having one edge facing the connected pipe’s mouth.
Tee: The plumbing tee system utilises a T-shaped pipe fitting with two outlets and one inlet, both of which are positioned 90 degrees from the main pipe. When two pipes are connected, their respective flow directions are combined using this type of fitting. It is known as an equal tee if all three of its sides are the same size; otherwise, it is known as an unequal tee. ABS, copper, CPVC, PVC, brass, chrome-plated brass, malleable (galvanized and black), and stainless steel.
Cross: This style of pipe fitting has four apertures on either side in each of the four main directions. Four pipes intersect at a common point next to this fitting. For the four possible ways that water or any other liquid can flow, there is either one input and three outputs, or vice versa. Fire sprinkler systems frequently employ these types of pipe fittings. PVC, brass, malleable (galvanised and black), and stainless steel are all options.
Flanges: Another type of pipe fitting, flanges are used to join pipes, pumps, valves, and other parts to create a complete piping system. They have the ability to be readily cleaned or examined from within the entire system. They are welded, threaded, screwed, or otherwise secured to the pipes before being sealed with bolts. They are mostly utilised for industrial reasons but are also employed in household pump systems.
Plugs and Caps: These two pipe fittings are used to seal the ends. the pipe’s temporary or permanent caps and plugs. To preserve the pipe for future usage, plugs are threaded and inserted into the pipe. Depending on the pipe’s material, a cap can be attached to the pipe in a variety of ways, including threading, soldering, and adhesive. ABS, brass, copper, chrome-plated brass, malleable (galvanised and black), CPVC, PVC, and stainless steel are among the materials that are offered.
Bushings: By reducing the size of the bigger fitting to the size of the smaller pipe, bushings allow pipes of various sizes to be joined together. Bushings take up a lot less area than a union or coupler used for the same function and are not necessarily threaded inside out. Offered in: ABS, copper, brass, chrome-plated brass, malleable steel, PVC, CPVC, and brass (galvanized and black).
Wyes: Such pipe fittings have a branch line at a 45-degree angle to maintain a smooth water flow. They are utilised in drainage systems. A wye is required in certain situations where the sanitary tees do not function in a horizontal connection. Brass, ABS, and PVC are all available.
Valves: In the plumbing system, valves are utilised to halt the passage of gases or liquids. Throttling, isolation, and non-return are the three categories. In order to temporarily disconnect a section of the piping system for maintenance or repair, isolation valves are employed. The throttling valves can endure the tension brought on by this operation and are used to control the amount of pressure of a liquid in a pipe.
Barb:Barb Another helpful pipe fitting in the plumbing system for attaching flexible tubing to pipes is the barb. It features a single or many barbed tubes on one end that are put into the flexible tubing, and it has a male-threaded end on one side that links with the female threads. Offered in both plastic and brass for use with cold or hot wate.
Diverter tee: This kind of a tee-shaped pipe fitting is commonly used in the pressurized hydronic heating systems to redirect a part of the flow from the main line to the side branch connected to a heat exchanger.
Olet: These fittings are used when the standard size of the fittings fails to serve the purpose. How are pipe fittings connected to pipes?
Pipe fittings are either male fittings or female fittings. In threaded pipe fittings, female threads are on the inside while male threads are on the outside. Pipe fittings that have one female end and one male end are called street fittings. Pipe fittings are used to connect pipes or tubes in two ways:
By threading: Threaded pipes screw together to connect or join. Generally metal pipes are threaded and they have threaded fittings.
By slip fit: Slip fit pipes use sleeves that slip into one another. The plastic pipes are either threaded or slip fit.
Accordingly pipe fittings are organized as follows:
- Male threaded: Threads on the outside. Internal threading is screwed into the interior of a bigger diameter pipe end.
- Female threaded: Interior threads are female threaded. Male threaded pipe fittings will be sent.
- Female slip fit: There are no threads. Designed to fit inside a slightly bigger masculine sleeve.
- Male slip fit: There are no threads in the male slip fit. Get a more narrow.
Purpose of a pipe fitting:
The basic purposes of any pipe fitting are as follows:
- Connecting the bores of two or more pipes or tubes.
- Changing the direction of fluid/liquid flow.
- Maintaining or regulating the flow.
- Closing and sealing a pipe.
- Connecting a pipe to a different apparatus.
- Connecting pipe sections.
Selection criteria for pipe fittings:
Pipe fittings are to be chosen considering certain factors. They are as follows:
- Connection types: When purchasing pipe fittings, you should be aware of the fact that a fitting can have two different connector types. One end of the fitting might be female threaded while the other female threaded. One end might be male slip while the other end is threaded, in the case of plastic fittings. They can also have matching ends which can accommodate any requirement.
- Materials of construction: As a rule, the pipe fitting should be of the same material as the material used in the making of the pipe in which it is to be fitted. However, in some cases, materials conforming to certain codes or standards can also be used in pipes of another material.
- Check for flow: To keep the flow consistent, the ends of pipe fittings should be slightly larger than the rest of the pipe so that they can accommodate connections without narrowing the inner diameter (ID) of the pipe.
- Type of fitting: Besides pipe materials, pipe fittings are identified by the type of fitting — threaded or slip, male or female.
- Size: When measuring the size of pipe fittings, it is to be noted that the male threaded fittings are measured to the outside edge or OD, while female fittings are measured to the inside edge of the inlet or ID.
- Thickness: Just as pipes are available in a number of different thicknesses or “schedules”, so also the pipe fittings.
- Design: Each pipe or tube is designed to carry certain specific types of fluids, liquids, gases, chemicals under varying conditions. Accordingly, the pipe fittings are also available in variety of designs.
- Standards and codes: There are certain standards and codes set by various organizations by which the different pipe fittings are graded. For example, ASTM, ASME, BSP etc. are certain standards assigned to pipe fittings and those standards dictate their use.
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